The School of Electronic and Information Engineering traces its origins back to 1958, when the Departments of Beijing Railway Institute (now Beijing Jiaotong University) and Tangshan Railway Institute (now Southwest Jiaotong University) were partially relocated to Lanzhou to establish the Department of Electrical Engineering. It was one of the five founding departments of the university. Over time, it was renamed the Department of Telecommunication and Automatic Control, and in 1999, the School of Information and Electrical Engineering was established. In 2006, following internal management reforms, it was renamed the School of Electronic and Information Engineering. After over six decades of dedication and effort by several generations, the school has trained more than 23,000 professionals by 2023, significantly contributing to the nation's education, science, and technology sectors, as well as the rail transit industry.

The school currently offers four doctoral training directions: Artificial Intelligence, Intelligent Transportation and Information Systems Engineering, Rail Transit Communication Engineering, and Transportation Internet of Things Engineering. It also has three first-level discipline master’s programs in Information and Communication Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, and Electronic Science and Technology, as well as a professional master’s degree program in Electronic Information. These disciplines are recognized as key first-level disciplines in Gansu Province. The school offers six undergraduate programs, including Communication Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Electronic Science and Technology, Software Engineering, Electronic Information Engineering, and Data Science and Big Data Technology (the university’s first "new engineering" industry-academia collaborative program). Among them, Communication Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Electronic Science and Technology, and Software Engineering are designated as national-level first-class undergraduate programs (in development).

The school maintains a stable undergraduate enrollment of over 2,500 students, along with more than 700 full-time master's, doctoral, and professional master's degree students. Its faculty consists of 138 members, including 15 doctoral supervisors, 30 professors, and over 65 associate professors and senior engineers. More than 110 faculty members hold doctoral or master’s degrees.

The school operates six professional teaching departments. It boasts a range of national-level teaching platforms, including the National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, the National Innovation Experiment Zone for Innovative Talent Training in Transportation Information, the National Teaching Team for Basic Computer Software Technology, the National Comprehensive Innovation Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Information and Control Engineering, the National Virtual Simulation Experimental Teaching Center for Rail Transit Information and Control, and the National Engineering Practice Education Center for Electronic Science and Technology. Provincial-level platforms include the Provincial Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Communication Engineering and the Provincial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Guidance Team for Electronic Information Technology. The school has developed three national-level first-class undergraduate courses, including Fundamentals of University Computing, Data- and Scenario-Driven High-Speed Train Operation Control Virtual Simulation Experiment, and Electronic Technology Experiment, as well as a nationally acclaimed course on Electrical and Electronic Practice. Additionally, it offers five provincial-level quality courses, such as Electrical and Electronic Experiment, Principles of Communication, Signal and System Analysis, Fundamentals of University Computing, and Discrete Mathematics, along with two provincial-level open-resource courses, Electronic Circuit Practice and Discrete Mathematics.

The school has formed the Ministry of Education Innovation Team for Plateau Traffic Engineering Information and Control Technology and established key laboratories such as the Key Laboratory of Communication and Automation for Railways, the Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Plateau Traffic Information Engineering and Control, and the Gansu Provincial Joint Laboratory for Radio Frequency Spectrum Technology and Applications. Other research facilities include the Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for High-Precision Beidou Positioning Technology, the Gansu Provincial Artificial Intelligence and Graphics Processing Engineering Research Center, and the Gansu Provincial Microelectronics Industry Research Institute. The school also operates several provincial industry technology centers and international scientific collaboration bases, such as the Gansu Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Virtual Reality Technology and Application Systems. Collaborative graduate training demonstration bases have been established with organizations such as the State Grid Gansu Electric Power Information and Communication Company, Tongxing Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., and CRSC Communication Information Group Co., Ltd., among others. Additionally, a customized training program for integrated circuit technology professionals has been launched in partnership with Tianshui Huatian Group.